Agentic Recap – Last Week’s Big Announcements. 

Sorry for delay.. Just had a new grandson on Wednesday, and everyone is doing fine. One quick note, if your looking for one of my old posts, or topics like AP2, try my new search. Completely rebuilt to look through my posts and all “trusted” authorities on a topic.

Exec Summary

Last week’s flurry of announcements confirmed our thesis: Agentic commerce is off to a slow start, and the “machine-to-machine” (M2M) revolution is currently a “human-in-the-loop” (HIL) reality. Despite the hype, machines aren’t autonomously settling transactions yet; they are discovery engines landing consumers on retailer checkout pages. While “lab” pilots show machine to machine transactions are technically possible – in a lab. The reality is conversational commerce, more like an enhanced search. 

Key Items covered today

  1. Agentic Hurdles are huge. Changing consumer behavior, shifting risk, economic “Gordian Knot” of value creation and pricing, Trust and Authorization, …etc. The payment piece is the “easy” party.  There will be no wholesale change in the next 2-3 years, merchants and marketplaces want to retain consumer behavior and leverage their own data, the future for most transactions will be a checkout on the merchant’s website. 
  2. Card networks are firmly established as the payment method and will retain their role as the identity infrastructure of the internet. Stablecoin is a settlement  innovation, and cards can sit on top. Visa is at least 2 yrs ahead of MA. MA’s agent pay integration to Google’s AP2 mandates is still a lab experiment that will require both Issuer and merchant approval. For example Banks will want the full intent mandate to take the risk, something neither Google nor Merchants will be keen to share. 
  3. OpenAI’s abandonment of their own wallet is very significant and a realization that merchants hold the keys in the early days of eCom, with many major merchants wanting a PAR to reference COF, not a tokenized credential where they own the risk. 
  4. Visa’s two big announcements are significant. The partnership with Bridge to issue stablecoin linked cards in 100 markets will propel a new market for cards in M2M based UCs.  “INTELLIGENT AUTHORIZATION” a universal acceptance API against different schemes and payment types, thus eliminating the need for costly infrastructure rebuilds. 
  5. When perfect authentication does happen, it will be a watershed moment for payments and every entity that provides risk services. Processors will be particularly hard hit, afterall how will processors differentiate when every payment type has 0 fraud and 100% authorization rate. Shopify and other merchant service providers (MSPs will gain significant leverage and expand their own VAS). This dynamic explains why Stripe is investing so heavily in Stablecoin, its an effort to differentiate and improve speed and a developer community in something unique.

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Stablecoins and Monetary Policy: The ECB Confirms What Italy Said Last Year

The ECB published a study today warning that stablecoins could erode retail deposits across the eurozone and undermine the effectiveness of monetary policy. The finding is notable — not because it’s new, but because it’s taken this long for the institution to officially say it.

As I related last May, Italy’s Finance Minister Giancarlo Giorgetti made exactly this argument, warning that the displacement of traditional bank deposits by dollar-denominated stablecoins represented a direct threat to European monetary sovereignty. His remarks were largely dismissed at the time as political protectionism. The ECB’s study vindicates the concern. The mechanism is straightforward: if depositors move funds from bank accounts into stablecoins, banks lose the deposit base that anchors their lending capacity — and the ECB loses its primary transmission channel for monetary policy. Rate changes simply don’t land the same way when the money isn’t sitting in a regulated deposit account.

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Stablecoin Rewards’ Last Hope – Clarity Act

Summary

  • Clarity Act stuck in Senate on Stablecoin Rewards, 70% chance of passage this year
  • Stablecoin yield (or anything that resembles it) goes away, and rewards look more like what you have on your Visa card. Coinbase pulled out because of crypto restrictions in the bill (not stablecoin).
  • Industry will likely pivot to sweep, and Stableocin becomes just another rail, which will require consumer and merchant adoption, without the big “draw” of balance rewards. Thus, balances stay in transactional and interest-bearing accounts, and friction increases w/ stablecoin payments.
  • Politics of key players and quotes in blog today.

The Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025 (H.R. 3633) is the last hope for Stablecoin issuers to save rewards. While the bill passed the House with a strong bipartisan vote on July 17, 2025, its progress has stalled in the Senate (as of Feb 2028) with intense disagreements regarding the regulation of stablecoin “rewards” and yield-like incentives.

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No more Stablecoin “rewards”

The OCC Just Dropped the Hammer on Stablecoin Yield: Why “Rewards” Are the New Front Line

Updated (Huge Impact to Tether and other non-US Stablecoin Issuers)

As a payments expert who has watched the “shadow banking” sector flirt with regulatory boundaries for years, today’s draft guidance from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) on the GENIUS Act implementation is my “I told you so” (60 day comment period).

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Stablecoin Scenarios

Summary

The digital asset ecosystem has graduated from a decade of speculative experimentation to a decisive phase of infrastructure modernization. For fifteen years, the discourse surrounding blockchain technology has been dominated by the volatility of crypto-assets, effectively obscuring the underlying utility of the technology. That era has concluded. We are now witnessing the industrialization of the sector, where stablecoins have emerged not as a new form of money, but as a fundamental settlement innovation (see blog).

The GENIUS Act has provided the regulatory clarity required to transition stablecoins from the periphery of finance to its very core. This legislative milestone has catalyzed a geopolitical shockwave, prompting European finance ministers to declare U.S. stablecoins a greater threat to monetary sovereignty than trade tariffs. But while the Genius act codified “trust” in an instrument (reducing settlement risk to stablecoin issuer balance sheet), it does not address disputes and broader governance issues associated with managing participants across diverse processes and regulatory regimes.

The maturation of stablecoins is not a revolution that overthrows established banks and payments system; it is an evolution that upgrades it. The rails are being replaced while the train is moving, and those who understand the mechanics of the new tracks will determine the destination of global capital.

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101 Update: CBDCs, Stablecoins and Tokenized Deposits

Very short update on the basic differences for the non-payment geeks

The three core constructs of digital value —CBDCs, Stablecoins, and Tokenized Deposits—represent have various degrees of support from banks, central banks, businesses and regulators. Each has different risk and control points.

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X402 Foundation

Short Blog

The x402 Foundation was publicly announced last week on September 23, 2025, as a joint initiative between Coinbase and Cloudflare. This effort aims to solve the governance issue in agentic. The design COULD SOLVE the governance issues outlined in Governance in Payments as well as last month’s Agentic Commerce Economics and Governance. As a refresh, my position is that monetization/governance is the Gordian knot preventing AI from moving to next stage of growth. 

While Google’s AP2 suffers from a dependency on settlement governance and the inability to expand trust beyond their own domain (see AP2 blog), x402 is just a standard that handles payment terms negotiations between two APIs (both price and method). The foundation turns x402 into a “network) with an operational model, active governance and economics. My example is that an existing customer would have payment managed with a current card on file and the merchant owning risk, whereas a new customer (or new machine request) could agree on a non-refundable stablecoin payment.  

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EWS Assessing Stablecoin Issuance?

Very Short Blog

Zelle owner Early Warning Services exploring stablecoin [Issuance] for retail bank customers. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/zelle-owner-early-warning-services-exploring-stablecoin-for-retail-bank-customers-154503674.html

EWS is certainly the right consortium to Issue a SC given KYC and their existing RT Zelle settlement rails (which also integrate to TCH RTP). The CX interface for particiapting zelle banks is also there, setting up a “transfer” like issuance process. Within Online Banking the big change will be showing stablecoin balances in a new account or something.

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Stablecoins Will Drive Network Growth

Drivers, Current Efforts and My View of the Big Picture Opportunity. Do Stablecoins represent the greatest network expansion opportunity of the next decade? I think so…

PODCAST of this Blog on Spotify

Everyone knows I’m a big fan of Visa and Mastercard. Why not? They are the most successful commercial networks in the history of man. The power of banking is unlocked within the networks that connect them (see Power of Bank Networks) and V/MA are the largest “connectors” in the world (banks, consumers, businesses). While many pundits see stablecoin as a threat to cards, I don’t see it that way at all. In fact, I think Stablecoin-based innovation will help drive a new phase of growth in the networks (as well as dollarization). 

Today’s blog provides background on the current network efforts in stablecoin settlement. I’m also attempting to outline the “why” and business case for card networks expanding their role, the number of nodes on the network, and the political dynamics at work behind the scenes. Why read this? In my view this subject is the core of a bull case for network expansion.  IMHO Investors should not look at stablecoins as a threat to V/MA, but rather as another network where V/MA can deliver value and grow the network at a massive scale.. A once-in-a-generation opportunity.

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